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Tension Pneumothorax: A Medical Emergency
Introduction Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition characterized by the progressive accumulation of air in the pleural space under pressure, leading to collapse of the affected lung and compression of intrathoracic structures. It is a form of pneumothorax that results…
Tombstoning Pattern on Electrocardiogram: A Marker of Extensive Myocardial Infarction – Case Report and Clinical Insights
Abstract The “tombstoning” ST-segment elevation pattern on an electrocardiogram (ECG) is an ominous sign of a large and potentially fatal anterior wall myocardial infarction (MI). It indicates massive transmural ischemia with poor myocardial reserve and high risk of complications. This…
Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Comprehensive Overview
Abstract Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the axial skeleton, leading to pain, stiffness, and progressive spinal fusion. Strongly associated with the HLA-B27 gene, AS is a subtype of spondyloarthropathies and has systemic manifestations…
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis: A Rare Cause of Episodic Muscle Weakness
Case Presentation A 22-year-old male presented to the emergency department with complaints of sudden-onset weakness in both legs that progressed to involve his arms over two hours. He was unable to stand or lift objects. The weakness was flaccid and…
Lyme Disease: A Comprehensive Overview
IntroductionLyme disease is a multisystem infectious disease caused primarily by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks (commonly known as deer ticks). First recognized in Lyme, Connecticut, in the 1970s, it is now…
Blood Pressure
End Organ Damage by Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can inflict silent yet profound damage on various vital organs in the body. This article…
Thyroid Gland
Graves Disease: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Graves’ disease is a complex autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland, leading to an overproduction of thyroid hormones. This…